Mechanics
Plants are as adept with molecular engineering for structural attributes as they are for chemical effects. Depending upon what cell walls are made of, and how their layers are arranged, plant tissue can be flimsy or sturdy, a growing tip or a solid wall of protection.
Cell walls are secreted by the living protoplast of a plant cell, outside the membrane that encloses the protoplast. A cell wall has distinct layers, sequentially secreted, with the oldest layer furthest out, and the youngest layer neighboring the plasma membrane.
